Ethyl orthoformate

Triethyl orthoformate is an organic compound with the formula HC(OC2H5)3. This colorless volatile liquid, the ortho ester of formic acid, is commercially available. The industrial synthesis is from hydrogen cyanide and ethanol. It may also be prepared from the reaction of sodium ethoxide, formed in-situ from sodium and absolute ethanol, and chloroform: CHCl3 + 3 Na + 3 EtOH → HC(OEt)3 + 3⁄2 H2 + 3 NaCl Triethyl orthoformate is used in the Bodroux–Chichibabin aldehyde synthesis, for example: RMgBr + HC(OC2H5)3 → RC(H)(OC2H5)2 + MgBr(OC2H5) RC(H)(OC2H5)2 + H2O → RCHO + 2 C2H5OH In coordination chemistry, it is used to convert metal aquo complexes to the corresponding ethanol complexes: (BF4)2 + 6 HC(OC2H5)3 → (BF4)2 + 6 HC(O)(OC2H5) + 6 HOC2H5 Triethyl orthoformate (TEOF) is an excellent reagent for converting compatible carboxylic acids to ethyl esters Wikipedia

Hazardous Materials Table

(3) Hazard Class 3 Flammable liquids	(4) Identification number UN 2524	(5) Packing Group III
(6) Labels
(7) Special Provisions (§172.102) ×Note: Special provisions may be very complex. The extracts are taken from 49 CFR §172.102. Please be careful with the information, as necessary, additional conditions may be applied that are not written here. Please check the original source and report bugs. B1 If the material has a flash point at or above 38 °C (100 °F) and below 93 °C (200 °F), then the bulk packaging requirements of § 173.241 of this subchapter are applicable. If the material has a flash point of less than 38 °C (100 °F), then the bulk packaging requirements of § 173.242 of this subchapter are applicable. Browse special provision B1 IB3 Authorized IBCs: Metal (31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (31H1 and 31H2); Composite (31HZ1 and 31HA2, 31HB2, 31HN2, 31HD2 and 31HH2). Additional Requirement: Only liquids with a vapor pressure less than or equal to 110 kPa at 50 °C (1.1 bar at 122 °F), or 130 kPa at 55 °C (1.3 bar at 131 °F) are authorized, except for UN2672 (also see special provision IP8 in Table 2 for UN2672). Browse special provision IB3 T2 Minimum test pressure (bar) 1.5 Minimum shell thickness § 178.274(d)(2) Pressure-relief requirements Normal Bottom opening requirements § 178.275(d)(3) Browse special provision T2 TP1 The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following: Where: tr is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport, and tf is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling. Browse special provision TP1
(8) Packing Authorizations (§173.***) (8A) Exceptions 150 see 49 CFR §173.150 (8B) Non-bulk 203 see 49 CFR §173.203 (8C) Bulk 242 see 49 CFR §173.242
(9) Quantity Limits (9A) Passenger aircraft/rail 60 L (9B) Cargo aircraft only 220 L
(10) Vessel stowage (10A) Location A Stowage category “A” means the material may be stowed “on deck” or “under deck” on a cargo vessel or on a passenger vessel. Source: 49 CFR §172.101(k) (10B) Other n/a

Segregation chart for load, transport, and storage

This chart shows whether loading, transport, or storage with other hazard classes is permitted, prohibited, or restricted. Based on 49 CFR §177.848.

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Hazard class	8	7	6.1	5.2	5.1	4.3	4.2	4.1	3	2.3B	2.3A	2.2	2.1	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.1/1.2
1.1/1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
2.1
2.2
2.3A
2.3B
3
4.1
4.2
4.3
5.1
5.2
6.1
7
8

	Must not be loaded, transported, or stored together in the same vehicle or facility.
	May be loaded, transported, or stored together.
	May be loaded, transported, or stored together only with restrictions.