Pentanes

a. The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following:

Where:
t_r is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport,
t_f is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling, and
α is the mean coefficient of cubical expansion of the liquid between the mean temperature of the liquid during filling (t_f) and the maximum mean bulk temperature during transportation (t_r) both in degrees celsius.
b. For liquids transported under ambient conditions α may be calculated using the formula:

Where:
d₁₅ and d₅₀ are the densities (in units of mass per unit volume) of the liquid at 15 °C (59 °F) and 50 °C (122 °F), respectively.

Browse special provision TP2

E

Stowage category “E” means the material may be stowed “on deck” or “under deck” on a cargo vessel or on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers, or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length, but is prohibited from carriage on a passenger vessel in which the limiting number of passengers is exceeded.

Source: 49 CFR §172.101(k)

Authorized IBCs: Metal (31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (31H1 and 31H2); Composite (31HZ1).
Additional Requirement: Only liquids with a vapor pressure less than or equal to 110 kPa at 50 °C (1.1 bar at 122 °F), or 130 kPa at 55 °C (1.3 bar at 131 °F) are authorized.

Browse special provision IB2

Ammonia solutions may be transported in rigid or composite plastic IBCs (31H1, 31H2 and 31HZ1) that have successfully passed, without leakage or permanent deformation, the hydrostatic test specified in §178.814 at a test pressure that is not less than 1.5 times the vapor pressure of the contents at 55 °C (131 °F).

Browse special provision IP8

The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following:

Where:
t_r is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport, and t_f is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling.

Browse special provision TP1

E

Stowage category “E” means the material may be stowed “on deck” or “under deck” on a cargo vessel or on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers, or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length, but is prohibited from carriage on a passenger vessel in which the limiting number of passengers is exceeded.

Source: 49 CFR §172.101(k)